diff --git a/xcap/dbutil.py b/xcap/dbutil.py
index 75ec974..c059f0b 100644
--- a/xcap/dbutil.py
+++ b/xcap/dbutil.py
@@ -1,136 +1,17 @@
 
 """Database utilities"""
 
-import time
 import random
-
+import time
 from hashlib import md5
-from twisted.enterprise import adbapi
-from twisted.python import reflect
 
-db_modules = {"mysql": "MySQLdb"}
 
 def make_random_etag(uri):
-    return md5("%s%s%s" % (uri, time.time(), random.random())).hexdigest()
-
-def make_etag(uri, document):
-    return md5("%s%s" % (uri, document)).hexdigest()
-
-def parseURI(uri):
-    schema, rest = uri.split(':', 1)
-    assert rest.startswith('//'), "DB URIs must start with scheme:// -- you did not include a / (in %r)" % rest
-    rest = rest[2:]
-    if rest.find('/') != -1:
-        host, rest = rest.split('/', 1)
-    else:
-        raise ValueError("You MUST specify a database in the DB URI.")
-
-    if host and host.find('@') != -1:
-        user, host = host.split('@', 1)
-        if user.find(':') != -1:
-            user, password = user.split(':', 1)
-        else:
-            password = None
-        if not user:
-            raise ValueError("You MUST specify a user in the DB URI.")
-    else:
-        raise ValueError("You MUST specify a host in the DB URI.")
-
-    if host and host.find(':') != -1:
-        host, port = host.split(':')
-        try:
-            port = int(port)
-        except ValueError:
-            raise ValueError("port must be integer, got '%s' instead" % port)
-        if not (1 <= port <= 65535):
-            raise ValueError("port must be integer in the range 1-65535, got '%d' instead" % port)
-    else:
-        port = None
-    db = rest
-    return schema, user, password, host, port, db
-
-def connectionForURI(uri):
-    """Return a Twisted adbapi connection pool for a given database URI."""
-    schema, user, password, host, port, db = parseURI(uri)
-    try:
-        module = db_modules[schema]
-    except KeyError:
-        raise ValueError("Database scheme '%s' is not supported." % schema)
-
-    # Reconnecting is safe since we don't use transactions.
-    # the following code prefers MySQLdb native reconnect if it's available,
-    # falling back to twisted's cp_reconnect.
-    # mysql's reconnect is preferred because it's better tested than twisted's
-    # MySQLdb reconnect just works with version 1.2.2 it has been removed after
-    args = ()
-    kwargs = {}
-    if module == 'MySQLdb':
-        MySQLdb = reflect.namedModule(module)
-        if MySQLdb.version_info[:3] == (1, 2, 2):
-            kwargs.setdefault('reconnect', 1)
-        kwargs.setdefault('host', host or 'localhost')
-        kwargs.setdefault('port', int(port or '3306'))
-        kwargs.setdefault('user', user or '')
-        kwargs.setdefault('passwd', password or '')
-        kwargs.setdefault('db', db)
-
-    if 'reconnect' not in kwargs:
-        # note that versions other than 1.2.2 of MySQLdb don't provide reconnect parameter.
-        # hopefully, if underlying reconnect was enabled, twisted will never see
-        # a disconnect and its reconnection code won't interfere.
-        kwargs.setdefault('cp_reconnect', 1)
+    to_hash = "%s%s%s" % (uri, time.time(), random.random())
+    return md5(to_hash.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
 
-    kwargs.setdefault('cp_noisy', False)
 
-    pool = adbapi.ConnectionPool(module, *args, **kwargs)
-    pool.schema = schema
-    return pool
-
-def repeat_on_error(N, errorinfo, func, *args, **kwargs):
-    d = func(*args, **kwargs)
-    counter = [N]
-    def try_again(error):
-        if isinstance(error.value, errorinfo) and counter[0]>0:
-            counter[0] -= 1
-            d = func(*args, **kwargs)
-            d.addErrback(try_again)
-            return d
-        return error
-    d.addErrback(try_again)
-    return d
-
-if __name__=='__main__':
-    from twisted.internet import defer
-
-    def s():
-        print('s()')
-        return defer.succeed(True)
-    def f():
-        print('f()')
-        return defer.fail(ZeroDivisionError())
-
-    def getcb(msg):
-        def callback(x):
-            print('%s callback: %r' % (msg, x))
-        def errback(x):
-            print('%s errback: %r' % (msg, x))
-        return callback, errback
-
-    # calls s()'s callback
-    d = repeat_on_error(1, Exception, s)
-    d.addCallbacks(*getcb('s'))
-
-    # calls f() for 4 times (1+3), then gives up and calls last f()'s errback
-    d = repeat_on_error(3, Exception, f)
-    d.addCallbacks(*getcb('f'))
-
-    x = Exception()
-    x.lst = [f, f, s]
-
-    def bad_func():
-        f, x.lst = x.lst[0], x.lst[1:]
-        return f()
-
-    d = repeat_on_error(1, Exception, bad_func)
-    d.addCallbacks(*getcb('bad_func'))
+def make_etag(uri, document):
+    combined_string = f"{uri}{document}".encode('utf-8')
+    return md5(combined_string).hexdigest()